Publications
Please contact tokowicz AT pitt DOT edu for reprints or visit my Google Scholar page or knowledge panel. See CV.
AUTHORED BOOK
Tokowicz, N. (2014). Lexical processing and second language acquisition. New York: Routledge.
PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES
Tokowicz, N., Rice, C., & Ekves, Z. (in press). Learning the two translations of translation-ambiguous words: Simultaneous vs. consecutive presentation. Second Language Research.
Wiener, S., & Tokowicz, N. (2021). Language proficiency is only part of the story: Lexical access in heritage and non-heritage bilinguals. Second Language Research, 37, 681–695. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658319877666
Bruett, H., Calloway, R. C., Tokowicz, N., & Coutanche, M. N. (2020). Neural pattern similarity across concept exemplars predicts memory after a long delay. NeuroImage, 219, 117030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117030
Martin, K. I., & Tokowicz, N. (2020). The grammatical class effect is separable from the concreteness effect in language learning. Bilingualism: Language & Cognition, 23(3), 554-569. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000233
Wiener, S., & Tokowicz, N. (in press). Language proficiency is only part of the story: Lexical access in heritage and non-heritage bilinguals. Second Language Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658319877666
Rice, C. A., & Tokowicz, N. (2020). A review of laboratory studies of adult second language vocabulary training. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 42(2), 439-470. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263119000500
Rice, C. A., Tokowicz, N., Fraundorf, S. H., & Liburd, T. L. (2019). The complex interactions of context availability, polysemy, word frequency and orthographic variables during lexical processing. Memory & Cognition, 47, 1297-1313. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00934-4
Tokowicz, N. (2019). The critical roles of errors and individual differences in bilingual translation. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 22,697–698. https://doi.org/10.1017/s136672891800069x
Tokowicz, N. (2020). The Learning Research and Development Center summer undergraduate research internship: A diversity internship in the Learning Sciences. In R. D. Roscoe, E. K. Chiou, & A. R. Wooldridge (Eds.) Advancing Diversity, Inclusion, and Social Justice through Human Systems Engineering (pp. 215-220). CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429425905-14
Tseng, A. M., Doppelt, M. C., & Tokowicz, N. (2018). The effects of transliterations, thematic groupings, and working memory on adult L2 vocabulary learning. Journal of Second Language Studies, 1, 141-165. https://doi.org/10.1075/jsls.17018.tse
Tuninetti, A., & Tokowicz, N. (2018).The influence of a first language: Training non-native listeners on voicing contrasts. Language, Cognition, and Neuroscience, 33,750-768. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2017.1421318
Bracken, J., Degani, T., Eddington, C. M., & Tokowicz, N. (2017). Translation semantic variability: How semantic relatedness affects learning of translation-ambiguous words. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 20, 783-794. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728916000274 Find norms here.
Degani, T., Prior, A., Eddington, C. M., Arêas da Luz Fontes, A., & Tokowicz, N. (2016). Determinants of translation ambiguity: A within and cross-language comparison. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 6, 290-307. https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.14013.deg
Eddington, C. M., & Tokowicz, N. (2015). How context and meaning similarity influence ambiguous word processing: The current state of the literature. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 22, 13-37.
Tuninetti, A., Warren, T., & Tokowicz, N. (2015). Cue strength in second language processing: An eye-tracking study. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 568-584.
Presson, N., MacWhinney, B., & Tokowicz, N. (2014). Learning grammatical gender: The use of rules by novice learners. Applied Psycholinguistics, 35, 709-737. doi: 10.1017/S0142716412000550
Tolentino, L. C., & Tokowicz, N. (2014). Cross-language similarity modulates effectiveness of second language grammar instruction. Language Learning, 64 279-309.
Boada, R., Sánchez-Casas, R., Gavilán, J. M., García-Albea, J. E., & Tokowicz, N. (2013). Effect of multiple translations and cognate status on translation recognition performance of balanced bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 16, 183-197.
Degani, T., & Tokowicz, N. (2013). Cross-language influences: Translation status affects intra-word sense relatedness. Memory & Cognition, 41, 1046-1064. Find norms here.
Eddington, C. M., & Tokowicz, N. (2013). Examining English-German translation ambiguity using primed translation recognition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 16, 442-457.
Armstrong, B. C., Tokowicz, N., & Plaut, D. C. (2012). eDom: Norming software and relative meaning frequencies for 544 English homonyms. Behavior Research Methods, 44, 1015-1027.
Degani, T., Prior, A., & Tokowicz, N. (2011). Bidirectional transfer: The effect of sharing a translation. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 18-28.
Reichle, E. D., Tokowicz, N., Liu, Y., & Perfetti, C. A. (2011). Testing an assumption of the E-Z Reader Model of eye-movement control during reading: Using event-related potentials to examine the familiarity check. Psychophysiology, 48, 993-1003.
Tolentino, L. C., & Tokowicz, N. (2011). Across languages, space, and time: A review of the role of cross-language similarity in L2 (morpho)syntactic processing as revealed by fMRI and ERP. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 33, 1-34.
Trude, A. M., & Tokowicz, N. (2011). Negative transfer from Spanish and English to Portuguese pronunciation: The roles of inhibition and working memory. Language Learning, 61, 259-280.
Degani, T., & Tokowicz, N. (2010a). Ambiguous words are harder to learn. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 13, 299-314. Editor’s Pick as recent influential article (1 of 5 awarded)
Degani, T., & Tokowicz, N. (2010b). Semantic ambiguity within and across languages: An integrative review. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63, 1266-1303.
Kroll, J. F., van Hell, J. G., Tokowicz, N., & Green, D. W. (2010). The Revised Hierarchical Model: A critical review and assessment. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 13, 373-381.
Tokowicz, N., & Warren, T. (2010). Beginning adult L2 learners’ sensitivity to morphosyntactic violations: A self-paced reading study. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 22, 1092-1106.
Tokowicz, N., & Degani, T. (2010). Translation ambiguity: Consequences for learning and processing. In B. VanPatten & J. Jegerski (Eds.), Research on second language processing and parsing (pp. 281-293). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
van Hell, J. G., & Tokowicz, N. (2010). Event-related brain potentials and second language learning: Syntactic processing in late L2 learners at different L2 proficiency levels. Second Language Research, 26, 43-74. Second Language Research’s Most Cited Article of 2013.
Tolentino, L. C., & Tokowicz, N. (2009). Are pumpkins better than heaven?: An ERP investigation of the concrete-word advantage using order effects. Brain and Language, 110, 12-22.
Tokowicz, N., & Kroll, J. F. (2007). Number of meanings and concreteness: Consequences of ambiguity within and across languages. Language and Cognitive Processes, 22, 727-779.
Tokowicz, N., & MacWhinney, B. (2005). Implicit and explicit measures of sensitivity to violations in second language grammar: An event-related potential investigation. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 27, 173-204.
Tokowicz, N., Michael, E. B., & Kroll, J. F. (2004). The roles of study-abroad experience and working-memory capacity in the types of errors made during translation. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 7, 255-272.
Kroll, J. F., Michael, E., Tokowicz, N., & Dufour, R. (2002). The development of lexical fluency in a second language. Second Language Research, 18, 137-171.
Tokowicz, N., Kroll, J. F., de Groot, A. M. B., & van Hell, J. G. (2002). Number-of-translation norms for Dutch-English translation pairs: A new tool for examining language production. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 34, 435-451. Find norms here.
BOOK CHAPTERS, SPECIAL ISSUE PAPERS & ENCYCLOPEDIC ENTRIES
Tokowicz, N. (accepted). The translation ambiguity disadvantage in language processing: The influence of proficiency. To appear in I. Lacruz (Ed.) Translation in Transition: Human and Machine Intelligence.
Tokowicz, N., & Degani, T. (2021). Design challenges: Development of bilingual materials and making appropriate comparisons. In W. Francis (Ed.) Bilingualism across the lifespan: Opportunities and challenges for cognitive research in a global society (pp. 106-122). Routledge. [invited contribution]
Schwieter, J. W., & Tokowicz, N. (2015). Bilingual processing: A dynamic and rapidly developing field. In J. W. Schwieter (Ed.). The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Processing (pp. 3-26). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [invited contribution]
Tokowicz, N., & Degani, T. (2015). Learning second language vocabulary: Insights from laboratory studies. In J. W. Schwieter (Ed.). The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Processing (pp. 216-233). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [invited contribution]
Tseng, A. M., Chang, L.-Y., & Tokowicz, N. (2014). Translation ambiguity between English and Mandarin Chinese: The roles of proficiency and word characteristics. In J. Schwieter and A. Ferreira (Eds.), The development of translation competence: Theories and methodologies from psycholinguistics and cognitive science (pp. 107-165). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. [invited contribution] Find norms here.
Tokowicz, N. (2013). Bilingual language processing. In H. Pashler (Ed.) Encyclopedia of the Mind, Vol. 1 (pp. 114-115). Sage Publications. [invited contribution]
Tokowicz, N., & Tuninetti, A. (2013). Formal models of bilingual lexicons. In C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (pp. 2173–2179): Wiley-Blackwell. [invited contribution]
Li, P., & Tokowicz, N. (2012). Psycholinguistics of second language acquisition. In P. Robinson (Ed.), The Routledge Encyclopedia of Second Language Acquisition (pp. 526-534). New York, New York: Taylor & Francis.
Tokowicz, N. (2012). Revised hierarchical model. In P. Robinson (Ed.), The Routledge Encyclopedia of Second Language Acquisition (pp. 559-562). New York, New York: Taylor & Francis. [invited contribution]
Tokowicz, N., & Degani, T. (2012). Lexical concepts. In P. Robinson (Ed.), The Routledge Encyclopedia of Second Language Acquisition (pp. 386-389). New York, New York: Taylor & Francis. [invited contribution]
Michael, E. B., Tokowicz, N., Degani T., & Smith, C. J. (2011). Individual differences in the ability to resolve translation ambiguity across languages. Vigo International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 8, 79-97. [Invited contribution to special issue on Language and Cognition]
Tokowicz, N., & Warren, T. (2008). Quantification and statistics. In L. Wei & M. Moyer (Eds.), The Blackwell guide to research methods in bilingualism and multilingualism (pp. 214-231). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Kroll, J. F., & Tokowicz, N. (2005). Models of bilingual representation and processing: Looking back and to the future. In J. F. Kroll & A. M. B. de Groot (Eds.), Handbook of bilingualism: Psycholinguistic approaches (pp. 531-553). New York: Oxford University Press.
Tokowicz, N., & Perfetti, C. A. (2005). Introduction to Part II: Comprehension. In J. F. Kroll & A. M. B. de Groot (Eds.), Handbook of bilingualism: Psycholinguistic approaches (pp. 173-177). New York: Oxford University Press.
Kroll, J. F., & Tokowicz, N. (2001). The development of conceptual representation for words in a second language. In J. L. Nicol (Ed.), One mind, two languages: Bilingual language processing (pp. 49-71). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.